First to set the tone.
Bad:


Good:

These are just a few of the networking images floating around on the internet at the moment. As you can see there is a stark difference between both the types of bad (arguably most situations aren't as bad as those above) and the good example I have provided. However getting from the bad images to the good image isn't as hard as you might imagine it is if you do it right. There's a price to doing it right thou, and that's down time.
There's some rules to follow to get it all right the first time and keep it manageable for those times when you do have to change something (thou the idea here really is that you don't change the wires once they are installed).
For those not starting from scratch(ie preforming a redo), you should probably start here. Everyone else should probobly start at step 5.
- Identify all the devices you need to connect
- Map out exactly how each device has to be connected
- After you've identified how things are to be connected, figure out a layout for the devices that is physically appropriate for the tasks at hand. This layout should also consider the minimization of the overall distances of wires between devices. This will do a few things for you, including saving money, simplifying the actual wiring and making wire traces much simpler. For the green hearts, shorter wires will also mean lower overall environmental impact.
- Repeat steps 1-3. I'm not kidding.
- Calculate the required distances to wire your devices together based on how you would like to organize your cables. If you look at the good example above, some of the devices could be wired up with a 3 inch wire, however due to the way they've elected to organize a 3 or 4 foot cable was required. This isn't necessarily bad since it helps with handling clutter and the overall flow. Remember to give yourself a little wiggle room so that you can handle unforeseen events, using standardized lengths will make ordering the cables much easier (custom lengths are really expensive compared to mass manufactured cables).
- Visit a site that sells wiring and order everything on the list above. I recommend Monoprice. They've treated me well each time I've ordered from them, and beating their prices is pretty hard especially as the number of wires you have to order grows in magnitude.
- (This is of course only applicable for people who have wires to actually remove)Remove the wires and place them in bins based on function (remember that 'down-time' issue I mentioned earlier?). Recycle and re purpose these wires (unless your pulling something like... infiniban, at which point just cry yourself to sleep because whoever designed the setup initially screwed you).
Ok, so how do you get all this stuff you have wired up in a way that's pleasing to the eye, flows well and keeps you sane?
You use cable organization tools and layering.
First lets discuss layering. This is more important if your doing a rack installation that say... trimming up the setup on your desk. However it can still be useful especially if your building a tech station for fixing computers.
Layering is basically taking the cables most likely to change or fail and placing a higher order value on them. Basically if a cable is more likely to change, either due to failure or upgrades it should be put in latter in the wiring layout. I generally use the following order as a rule of thumb based on my own experiences, if yours differ use those instead. Note: the list is order from least likely to break to most likely to break (as that's the priority I use).
- Power Cables
- Firewire Cables (does anyone even use these things anymore?)
- Audio Cables (including speaker wires)
- USB Cables (a trick here is to use a USB hub that sits closer to your devices so only a single wire has to be run to the back of your system) and other keyboard / mouse cables.
- Monitor Cables
- Network Cables (these buggers break constantly...)
Again, that's my priority order, and it's probably missing wires used for a variety of specific tasks (cables used if you say, are setting up a an audio processing console). I could have included a 'misc' listing but that would be misleading since I don't actually have a priority for those cable types. It's also important to note that some of these categories can be broken into sub categories, for instance networking cables could be split into 'trunk' and 'node' cabling, which would make a huge difference in how your wire up your system (if you make the assumption that trunk cables are more reliable or need to be shorter runs for instance).
Cable organization tools:
For those with an unlimited budget you may want to just take a quick tour of http://cableorganizer.com/ as they will have everything you could ever possibly need but your going to pay a premium for it.
For the rest of us, I recommend heading to Lowes to pick up some of these
velcro ties, among other things that will make your life significantly easier for about 1/100th the price.
Depending on what your actually constructing or wiring up there's a few other things you might want to consider picking up that can be found in the electrical section of the store. These include wire channels, plastic tubing, double sided foam tape based wire mounts and zip ties.
Now then, the actual rewiring (or wiring) of your devices from this point forward is a bit task specific. If you've got a rack like the one pictured above, you'll have rails you can use to attach those handy velcro ties to then great, if you don't those double sided foam tape mounting strips will come in handy (assuming you feel like gluing things to the surface of whatever it is your using). To turn the foam tape pieces into handy tie off locations place them on the point you'd like to install a tie wrap at and use the included zip tie equal to the direction the wires should travel. After that wrap one of the velcro ties thru this zip tie and viola you've got a velcro mounting point that can hold a few lbs before you have to worry about it. After that, it's a simple matter of actually doing the wiring. I recommend following the priority list above as much as possible, finish up a step. Clean it up and make sure it's as good and clean as you can make it then move onto the next one, all excess wire should be bundled up near but not actually at one of the two ends of the wire. Make sure the loops are long enough to actually occupy the cable your working with and don't hesitate to use plenty of velcro straps to keep things the way you want them (it's $4.79 for 50, you can afford to go a little overboard). Don't forget to leave a little give even in systems that don't move. In systems that do move, give alot of give, you may want the items coming into the back of the system to have up to 3 ft of give just to make it easier to work on in the future, but this does lead to the usage of more cable length and a bit more clutter that you'll have to deal with somehow.
With a little practice you can get a method down pat making the process painless in the future.
The Blue Pill:
These are just guidelines, and anal retentive ones at that. For most projects simply making sure you occupy the slack in your cables and making sure all your cables reach where they are supposed to go will suffice to make it look neat. This goes for most home DIY types as well as most office neat freaks. So for you, take as little or as much as you'd like away from this as it's probobly overkill for what you want to do.
The Red Pill:
These are by no means a comprehensive guideline that you could base say... a wiring spec around, but they will get the job done for anyone that doesn't have say... 1" constraints or less placed upon them (I wouldn't build a space shuttle on these tips for instance). That being said there's a few things people who wish to take it up a notch can do to improve this. First pick up a label maker that can print cable labels. Then determine a coding system so you can always tell which cable is which based on the information from affore mentioned cable maker. I recommend a coding system that indicates the cables ID number and a few characters indicating it's end point types, this will let you build a thurough map of all the cables in your system for diagramming, change tracking and system additions.
Got any suggestions or comments, leave it at the bottom.